介词 behind 用法说明
behind 主要用作介词,但除此之外,它也用作副词,在使用时以下几点值得注意:
1. 用作介词表示位置时,通常是静态的,但有时也可能是动态的。如:
The sun disappeared behind the clouds. 太阳躲到云层后面去了。
有时若没有上下文,同一个句子可能有几种理解:
A mouse scuttled behind the curtain.
理解1:一只老鼠跑到窗帘后面去了。
理解2:一只老鼠从窗帘后面跑走了。
理解3:一只老鼠在窗帘后面窜来窜去。
2. 表示“通过(房门、大门等)之后”这一意义时,有人认为应换成after,并作出以下区别 :
Shut the door after you. 请随手关门。(表动态地进门或出门之后)
Shut the door behind you. 把你后面的门关上。(表静态的后面)
其实,现代英语并不按此区别(www.yygrammar.com)。
3. 表示未能如期完成某事,通常用be behind with [in],此时的 behind 为副词。如:
He is never behind with [in] his work. 他工作从不拖拉。
He was behind in [with] his rent. 他拖欠了房租。
若后接动词,则用动名词。如:
The boy is behind in handing in homework. 这孩子没能按时交家庭作业。
He was never behind in offering suggestions. 他提建议从来不落在别人后面。
4. 注意以下几个短语的用法(其中的 behind 是副词,不是介词):
(1) fall [drop] behind 落在后面。如:
I’ve fallen behind in work. 我工作落后了。
Some students dropped behind in their studies. 有的学生在学习上落在后面。
(2) leave sth behind (某人)走后留下(掉下)某物。如:
What have we left behind? 我们走后留下什么了?
He left his umbrella behind. 他离开时没有把雨伞带走。
(3) stay [remain] behind 留下,在别人后面留下。如:
He alone remained behind. 只有他一个人留下没走。
I had to stay behind after school. 放学后我还得留在学校。