助动词的用法

如题所述

第1个回答  2019-08-20
助动词种类较多,以下主要介绍be,do,will,have等助动词的使用:
一、be动词作助动词

由连系动词am,is,are构成的句子:变一般疑问句时把am,is,are提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在am,is,are后面加not即可。例如:
肯定句:He
is
a
student.
一般疑问句:
Is
he
a
student?
否定句:
He
is
not
a
student.
画线提问:
对he提问:
Who
is
a
student?

a
student
提问:
What
is
he?
(2)was
是am,is的过去式,were是are的过去式,若句子中有以上两词时,变疑问句及否定句方法与(1)相同。
二、情态动词作助动词
(1)
由情态动词can,
may,will
,shall等构成的句子:
变一般疑问句时把
can,
may,will
,shall提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可.变否定句时直接在can,may,后面加not即可.
例如:
肯定句:
She
can
swim.
一般疑问句:
Can
she
swim?
否定句:
She
can
not
swim.
画线提问:
对she提问:
Who
can
swim?
对swim提问:
What
can
she
do?
(2)could,might,would,should是can,may,will,shall的过去式,若句子中有以上两词时,变疑问句及否定句方法与(1)相同。
三、do作为助动词
(1)由行为动词构成的句子:
需要加助词do或does.
变一般疑问句时把do/does放在句子前面.
变否定句时把don’t/doesn’t放在动词的前面。要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词三单式都要变回原型。
play-----do
plays-----does
例如:
肯定句:
They
play
football
after
school.
He
plays
football
after
school.
一般疑问句:
Do
they
play
football
after
school?
Does
he
play
football
after
school?
否定句:
They
don't
(do
not)
play
football
after
school.
He
doesn’t’
play
football
after
school.
画线提问:
对they/he提问:
Who
plays
football
after
school?
对play
football提问:
What
do
they
do
after
school?
What
does
he
do
after
school?
对after
school提问:
When
do
they
play
football?
When
does
he
play
football?
(2)did是do和did的过去式,变一般疑问句时把did放在句子前面.
变否定句时把didn’t放在动词的前面,
要注意观察动词的形式并对号入座。一般疑问句和否定句的动词都要变回原型。
四、have/has作为助动词
(1)由have,has构成的现在完成时句子,变一般疑问句时把have,has提到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在have,has后面加not即可。例如:
肯定句:He
has
read
today’s
newspaper.
一般疑问句:
Has
he
read
today’s
newspaper.?
否定句:
He
has
not
read
today’s
newspape
画线提问:
对he提问:
Who
has
read
today’s
newspaper?
对today’s
newspaper提问:
What
has
he
did?
(2)had是have和has的过去式,在构成的过去完成时句子中,变一般疑问句时把had提到到句子的前面,句尾用问号即可。变否定句时直接在had后面加not即可。
(3)若have,has,had没有出现在完成时的句子中,则当实义动词对待,请参考实义动词的用法。