二者材质不同,考虑的因素过多,无法进行精确转换。一般情况下把铜线与铝线的载流能力比值按1:0.7或0.75计算。二者区别如下:
1、电阻率不同:铝线电缆的电阻率比铜线电缆约高1.68倍。
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/838ba61ea8d3fd1fa300538a3d4e251f95ca5f71?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
2、延展性不同:铜合金的延展率为20~40%,铝合金仅为18%。
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/3c6d55fbb2fb43160b6f8bca2da4462309f7d30a?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
3、强度不同:常温下铜比铝分别高出7~28%。高温下两者相差更是甚远。
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/08f790529822720e62bc134a76cb0a46f21fab14?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
4、抗疲劳度不同:铝材反复折弯易断裂,铜则不易。弹性指标方面,铜也比铝高约1.7~1.8倍。
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/b21bb051f81986180d411e3447ed2e738bd4e678?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
5、电压损失率不同:在允许的电压降条件下,铜线电缆输电能达到较远的距离,即供电覆盖面积大,有利于网络的规划,减少供电点的设置数量。
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/38dbb6fd5266d016048d68989a2bd40734fa35ed?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)