急,哪位英文学的好的朋友,可以帮助我翻译成中文呢,论文吗上就要交了.我会很感激你的.........

Question

医方道德风险成为全社会共同关注的问题，它的存在不仅加剧了医疗费用的激增，破坏了稀缺性医疗资源的合理配置，并且对社会医疗保险制度的可持续发展造成了巨大的冲击，医疗费用上升的最重要原因是由于现有的保险制度所存在的缺陷而造成的医方道德风险问题。由于医方道德风险的存在，医疗服务提供方倾向于过度提供医疗服务，从而造成医疗资源的极大浪费。
一、 国际医疗保险制度的现状
（一）支付方式
目前国际上支付方式主要有预算(专项或总额) 方式、按病种支付、按人头预付、按服务项目支付及上述各种方式的综合。就一般情况而言,若一国医疗卫生体制倾向市场型, 则对供方的支付多采取对费用控制力度较弱的按服务项目付费等类似方式, 如在新加坡和韩国以及美国的蓝盾、蓝十字保险主要采用此类方式。若医疗卫生体制倾向于计划型(如政府保险与全民保险) , 对供方控制力度强的总额预算、按人头预付、按病种预付等各种预付制容易被选择。大多数国家对供方的偿付都采用有多种支付方式组成的混合支付体系。
（二）国际医疗卫生服务管理体制
卫生服务供方体系可以是私人竞争性不强的、私人竞争性强的、政府控制程度不同的公立体系。供方之间的竞争有利于提高医疗质量和服务态度, 可以会鼓励医院和医生降低服务成本和价格, 也可能促使医院和医生竞相购买设备、采用高新技术、吸引高层次人才、引起费用上涨等。卫生服务机构的体制并不一定与筹资体制相一致, 卫生管理体制中计划与市场两种调节机制的不同运用, 卫生服务机构的所属不同, 形成了不同的卫生服务组织管理体制。

Answer 1

Medical, moral hazard to the entire society issues of common concern, its existence has not only exacerbated the surge in medical costs, damaged the scarcity of the rational allocation of medical resources, and the social medical insurance system for the sustainable development of a huge impact, health care Increased costs of the most important reason is that the existing insurance system for the existence of defects caused by the medical problem of moral hazard. Due to the risk of moral hazard admitted the existence of medical services providers tend to over-the provision of medical services, resulting in a great waste of medical resources.
First, the international medical insurance system for the status quo
(A) payment
The current international payments a major budget (special or total), paid by disease, according to poll prepaid, according to the project and the various ways to pay the comprehensive. Generally speaking, if a country's health care system tend to market-based, supply-side on the payment of costs to take more control of the intensity of the weaker by service pay and other similar projects, such as in Singapore and the Republic of Korea and the United States Blue Shield, Blue Cross insurance mainly the use of such methods. If the health care system tend to plan type (such as the insurance and universal insurance), the strong supply-side control the intensity of the total budget, according to poll prepaid, according to various diseases, such as prepaid prepaid system was easy to choose. Most countries on the reimbursement for the use of a variety of payment of mixed payment system.
(B) the international medical and health services management system
Health services for the private system can be competitive is not strong, highly competitive private sector, the different degrees of public control system. Supply-side competition between the will help improve health care quality and service, hospitals and doctors will be encouraged to reduce service costs and prices, may also be competing hospitals and doctors to the purchase of equipment, using new and high technologies, attract more high-level personnel, the costs associated with rising . Health services system is not necessarily consistent with the financing system, health management system in both planning and market adjustment mechanism of the different use of health services in their different agencies, formed a different organization of health services management system.

Answer 2

需要感激的人太多了。