if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气
if引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类：真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）和虚拟条件句.凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句；当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句.如：
If I have time,I will help you with this work.如果我有时间,我会帮助你做的.
If time permits,we'll go fishing together.如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼.
If I were you ,I would have attended the meeting.我要是你的话,就去参加会议了.
If he had come here yesterday,he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友.
下面我们一起看看if在条件状语从句中的虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况.其句子结构为：从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should,could ,might) + 动词原形+ ……
If I were you,I would read it again.如果我是你的话,我再读一遍.（事实上我不是你）
If he hurried,he could catch the first bus.他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车.（可他不急）
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了.
2.表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句.其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句：主语+ would (should,could,might) + have +过去完成式动词+……
If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误.（事实上你没有听我的劝告）
If it had rained yesterday,we would have stayed at home.如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里.
If I hadn’t been ill yesterday,I might have come to school.昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的.（事实上我生病了）
If you had studied harder last term,you could have passed the exam.如果你在上个学期用功一些,你就会在考试中过关了.
3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 (对将来的事实实现的可能性不大).其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ should (或were) + 动词原形+……主句：主语+ would (could,should,might) + 动词原形+……
If it should rain tomorrow,I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里.（根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨）
If he came tomorrow,I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事.（事实上他来的可能性很小）
If he were here,I would give him the books.如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他.
if引导的条件状语从句可以分为两类：真实条件句（Sentences of Real Condition）和虚拟条件句.凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句；当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句.如：
If I have time,I will help you with this work.如果我有时间,我会帮助你做的.
If time permits,we'll go fishing together.如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼.
If I were you ,I would have attended the meeting.我要是你的话,就去参加会议了.
If he had come here yesterday,he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友.
下面我们一起看看if在条件状语从句中的虚拟语气.
1.表示与现在事实相反的情况.其句子结构为：从句：if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ……主句：主语+ would (should,could ,might) + 动词原形+ ……
If I were you,I would read it again.如果我是你的话,我再读一遍.（事实上我不是你）
If he hurried,he could catch the first bus.他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车.（可他不急）
If she knew English,she would not ask me for help.如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了.
2.表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句.其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ ……主句：主语+ would (should,could,might) + have +过去完成式动词+……
If you had taken my advice,you would not have made such a mistake.如果你听了我的劝告,就不会犯这样的错误.（事实上你没有听我的劝告）
If it had rained yesterday,we would have stayed at home.如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里.
If I hadn’t been ill yesterday,I might have come to school.昨天要是不生病,我是可能来上学的.（事实上我生病了）
If you had studied harder last term,you could have passed the exam.如果你在上个学期用功一些,你就会在考试中过关了.
3.表示与将来事实相反的虚拟条件句 (对将来的事实实现的可能性不大).其句子结构为：从句：If + 主语+ should (或were) + 动词原形+……主句：主语+ would (could,should,might) + 动词原形+……
If it should rain tomorrow,I would stay at home.如果明天下雨的话,我将待在家里.（根据天气情况,明天不可能下雨）
If he came tomorrow,I would do it with him.如果明天他来的话,我将和他一起做此事.（事实上他来的可能性很小）
If he were here,I would give him the books.如果他在这儿,我可能会把书给他.
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第1个回答 2019-06-26
if句又叫条件句，表示“假如”，是状语从句的一种，是一种非常常见的从句形式，用来提出一种与客观现实不相符或根本不可能存在的条件，拥有引导的三种虚拟语气形式：
1、表示与现在事实相反
If I were you, I would try it.
如果我是你，我会试试的。
2、与过去事实相反
If he had realized that, he would have run away while there was still time.
如果他意识到这一点，他就会趁着还有时间的时候逃跑。
3、与将来事实相反
If it were should rain tomorrow, the meeting would be put off.
如果明天下雨，会议就会推迟。
扩展资料
词义辨析：
一、if，in case这两个词(组)的共同意思是“以防万一”。二者均可引导条件从句,其区别是：
if可用于任何时间，而in case只指将来时间。例如:
1、I am taking an umbrella in case it rains later on.
我带着一把伞,以防一会儿下雨。
2、I'll take an umbrella if it rains later on.
要是一会儿下雨,我就拿把伞。
二、if，whether这两个连接词均含“是否”之意。
if作“是否”解时，多用于口语，引出宾语从句，不能直接跟or not连用。
whether多用于书面语中，可与or或or not连用，除引出宾语从句外，还可引出主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句或与不定式连用。
第2个回答 2017-10-30
虚拟语气一般都是不可能发生的事
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