英语中的名词性从句,定语从句,状语从句指的是哪些

如题所述

1、
名词性从句是指在句子中相当于名词的从句,主要包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。名词性从句不是修饰性从句,而是复合句中的主干。
e.g. That the boy failed again in the exam disappointed his mother. (主语从句) I know that he is writing his composition in his room. (宾语从句)
The question is how we can finish it on time. (表语从句)
The fact that some Chinese are still poor is really a great problem. (同位语从句)

2、在复合句中 , 修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句 , 被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词 , 引导定语从句的有关系代词 who, whom, whose, which, that等和关系副词where, when, why等 , 关系代词和关系副词在定语从句中担任句子成份。
1.由who引导的定语从句中 , who用作主语 , 如 : This is the boy who often helps me. 2.由whom引导的定语从句中,whom用作宾语,如:The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.
3.由whose引导的定语从句中 , whose用作定语 , 如 : Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?
4.由which引导的定语从句中,which用作主语或谓语动词的宾语或介词的宾语,如: The room in which there is a machine is a work shop. The river which is in front of my house is very clean. This is the pen which you want.

3、状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义,状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。
时间状语从句
  一般来说,时间状语从句常由连词when, before, after, as soon as或until引导。在使用时,从句一般不用一般将来时态。若主句为一般将来时态或是含有将来的意味时,时间状语从句常用一般现在时态来代替将来,即“主将从现”。如:
  I will go to the cinema as soon as I finish my homework. 我一完成作业就去电影院。
  When I grow up, I will join the army. 当我毕业了,我就要去参军。

  条件状语从句
  条件状语从句常由if(如果)、unless(除非)或as long as(只要)来引导,同样适用于“主将从现”。如:
  We will stay at home if it rains tomorrow. 如果明天下雨了,我们就会呆在家。
  He won’t come here unless he is invited. 除非被邀请,否则他不会到这儿来的。
  As long as you give me money, I will go with you. 只要你给我钱,我就跟你走。

  原因状语从句
  原因状语从句常由because(因为),since(既然;由于)或as(由于)来引导。在使用时,注意because和so(所以)不能用在同一个句子中。如:
  Since you can’t help me, I’ll find someone else. 既然你帮不了我,那我就找其他人吧。
  He failed the exam because he didn’t work hard.
  = He didn’t work hard, so he failed the exam. 因为他不努力,所以考试没有及格。

  让步状语从句
  让步状语从句由although或though(虽然;尽管)来引导。注意,在使用时,though或although不能和but不能用在同一个句子中,两者只能用其一。如:
  We still worked in the field although / though it was raining hard.
  = It was raining hard, but we still worked in the field.
  尽管天下着大雨,但是我们仍然在地里干活。
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第1个回答  2017-01-22
先知道他们的作用吧,名词性从句=名词,做主语,宾语,表语,同位语。定语从句做修饰语,相当于形容词。状语相当于副词,修饰动词,表示时间、地点、目的、结果等。望采纳!