有关系动词与助动词的问题

72课后面的小测试正确的应该是:he wants a newspaper.                    does he want a newspaper?                   what does he want?
而我做的时候对这样的句子总是:he wants a newsapaper
is she wants newspaper?  what is she want?请教大家,到底什么时候用系动词什么时候用助动词?不胜感激

一、系动词

系动词本身有词义,但不能单独用作谓语,后边必须跟表语,构成系表结构,说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

1. 状态系动词

用来表示主语的状态,只有be动词 (am, is, are)。例如:

He is a teacher. 他是一名教师。(is与表语一起说明主语的身份)

2. 持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度,主要有keep, rest, remain, stay等。例如:

He always kept silent at meetings. 他开会时总是保持沉默。

This matter remains a mystery. 此事仍是一个谜。

【考例】 Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ________ fresh for several days. (2003全国卷)

A. be stayed B. stay

C. be staying D. have stayed

答案: B

3. 表像系动词

用来表示“看起来像”这一概念,主要有seem, appear, look等。例如:

He looks tired. 他看起来很累。

He seems (to be) very sad. 他看起来很伤心。

【考例】 —You don't look very ________. Are you ill?

—No, I'm just a bit tired. (2003北京春招)

A. good B. well

C. strong D. healthy

答案: B

4. 感官系动词

感官系动词主要有feel, smell, sound, taste等。例如:

This kind of cloth feels very soft. 这种布手感很柔软。

This flower smells very sweet. 这朵花闻起来很香。

【考例】 We don't care if a hunting dog smells ________, but we really don't want him to smell ________. (1995上海卷)

A. well; well B. bad; bad

C. well; badly D. badly; bad

答案: D

解析: 第一个smell是不及物动词,表示“闻,嗅”的意思,因此用副词修饰;第二个smell是系动词,表示“散发出气味,闻起来”的意思,其后接形容词作表语,故答案选D。

5. 变化系动词

这些系动词表示主语变成什么样,变化系动词主要有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run等。例如:

He became mad after that. 打那以后,他疯了。

She grew rich within a short time. 没多长时间她就富了。

【考例】 The traffic lights ________ green and I pulled away. (2006广东卷)

A. came B. grew

C. got D. went

答案: D

6. 终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作,主要有prove, turn out等, 表达“证实”、“变成”之意。例如:

The rumor proved false. 这谣言证实有假。

His plan turned out a success. 他的计划终于成功了。

二、助动词

协助主要动词构成谓语的词叫助动词。被协助的动词称作主要动词。助动词自身没有词义,不可单独使用。最常用的助动词有: be, have, do, shall, will, should, would等。例如:

He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。(does是助动词,无词义; like是实意动词,有词义)

助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用:

1. 表示时态。例如:

He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

2. 表示语态。例如:

He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

3. 构成一般疑问句和反意疑问句。例如:

Did you study English before you came here? 你来这儿之前学过英语吗?

Everyone had lent you a hand when you were in trouble, hadn't they? 当你有麻烦时,每个人都向你伸出了援助之手,是不是?

【考例】 Sarah had her washing machine repaired the day before yesterday, ________ she? (2006广东卷)

A. had B. did

C. hadn't D. didn't

答案: D

4. 与否定副词not合用,构成否定句。例如:

I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

5. 加强语气。例如:

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

6. 构成倒装。例如:

Only when we begin our college life do we realize the importance of English. 进了大学以后,我们才认识到英语的重要性。

【考例】 So difficult ________ it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. (2006广东卷)

A. I did find B. did I find

C. I have found D. have I found

答案: B

7. 用作代动词。例如:

—Do you like Beijing? 你喜欢北京吗?

—Yes, I do. 是的,喜欢。(do用作代动词,代替like Beijing)

参考资料:http://www.ecp.com.cn/cc/ShowArticle.asp?Pay=yes&ArticleID=17382

温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2019-10-15
这是疑问句构成问题。你的问题在于不知道疑问句的结构。现在你记住12个特殊的动词,英语中只有这12个词可以提到主语前构成疑问句。句中有这12个词,就直接提前,若没有,就借助do动词。
do,be,have,can,may,need,must,dare,will,shall,used,ought.
I
can
fly.
Can
you
fly?
He
may
go
home
.
May
he
go
home?
You
love
her.
Do
you
love
her?
He
loves
her.
Does
he
love
her
?
You
will
help
me.
Will
you
help
me
?
we
shall
go.
Shall
we
go
?
She
is
a
teacher.
Is
she
a
teacher
?
you
are
a
boy.
are
you
a
boy
?