求学霸帮忙把摘要翻译成英文

Question

摘要
凝露结霜及结冰的现象广泛存在在空调制冷领域，造成了能源的大量浪费，传统的抑制凝露结霜及结冰的方法不能从根本上解决问题，消耗了大量能源。超疏水表面具有优异的抗凝露抗结霜及抗结冰性能，但是目前的研究还存在着很多的不足，本文通过观察超疏水表面表面凝露结霜结冰过程液滴的变化，并结合经典成核理论对其机理进行分析，从而对其进行深入的研究。
通过盐酸对铝合金表面进行化学刻蚀，再结合喷涂超疏水涂料的方法来制备铝基体超疏水表面，此方法所需要的设备和工艺简单，有望大规模推广应用。对制备的铝基超疏水表面进行了表观形貌分析，在显微镜下，超疏水表面呈现微纳米尺度的“丘壑”状结构，就是因为这些微纳米结构的存在使得表面具有超疏水性能，经测定表面的接触角为152°；利用高速摄像仪动态观测了液滴在超疏水表面的动力学过程，结果表明，本章制备的超疏水表面在法向和侧向具有很好的非粘浸润性。
通过显微观测超疏水表面凝露初期液滴的凝结、凝并过程，结果表明，在一定范围内，超疏水表面凝结液滴直径分别随着环境温度的升高、相对湿度的增加、基底温度的降低而增加；对比超疏水表面与普通表面在相同条件下的凝露图像发现，普通表面液滴快速成核凝并形成一层“水膜”，而超疏水表面液滴成核凝并成直径较大的液滴，较为稀疏地分布在超疏水表面；实验统计了不同工况下不同时刻超疏水表面上凝露质量，结果表明超疏水表面较普通有较好的抗凝露性能，并且拟合了一个超疏水表面凝露质量随其影响因素的关联式：

最后结合凝露初期的显微观察、凝露生长过程的凝露质量的变化，采用经典成核理论对超疏水表面抗凝露的机理作出解释。
通过显微观测超疏水表面结霜初期液滴的凝结、凝并、冻结过程，结果表明基底温度越小，超疏水表面液滴凝结速度越快，但最终冻结的液滴的直径较小，液滴冻结的时间较早，在一定范围内，环境温度越高或者相对湿度越大，凝结液滴的平均直径越大，冻结的时间越晚；通过对比超疏水表面与普通表面在相同条件下的结霜图像发现，超疏水表面较普通表面上液滴的冻结时间至少要推迟150s以上；实验统计了不同工况下不同时刻超疏水表面上霜层质量，结果表明超疏水表面较普通有较好的抗结霜性能，并且拟合了一个超疏水表面凝露质量随其影响因素的关联式：

最后结合结霜初期的显微观察、结霜生长过程的霜层质量的变化，采用经典成核理论对超疏水表面抗结霜的机理作出解释。
分别选取不同滴落高度的液滴对超疏水表面进行撞击稳定性测试，结果表明本文制备的超疏水表面在高速液滴的撞击下仍能保持优异的非粘超疏水性能；超疏水表面上静置液滴的较普通表面有优异的延缓结冰能力，但随着基底温度的下降，延缓结冰的能力逐渐下降；动态低温液滴撞击超疏水表面的实验表明，在温度大于-25℃时，低温液滴能快速弹离超疏水表面而不发生结冰。

Answer 1

Summary
Frost and freezing condensation phenomenon is widespread in air conditioning and refrigeration field, resulting in a lot of wasted energy, the traditional method of inhibiting condensation and freezing frost does not solve the problem fundamentally, consumes a lot of energy. Superhydrophobic surface has excellent resistance to frost and anti-condensation anti-icing properties, but the current study, there are still many deficiencies, this paper by observing the changes superhydrophobic surfaces frost condensation droplets freezing process, combined classical nucleation theory to analyze its mechanism and thus its depth.

Hydrochloric acid on aluminum surfaces by chemical etching to prepare superhydrophobic surface aluminum body combined with spraying superhydrophobic coating methods, equipment and processes required for this method is simple, is expected to promote large-scale applications. Preparation of aluminum superhydrophobic surface morphology of the analysis carried out, under the microscope, superhydrophobic surface showing "Vals" micro-nano scale-like structure, it is because the presence of these micro and nano structures such that the surface has superhydrophobic properties, the determination of the surface contact angle of 152 °; the use of high-speed video camera observing the dynamic process of droplet dynamics superhydrophobic surface, the results showed that the superhydrophobic surface preparation of this chapter in the normal and lateral infiltration has a good non-stick sex.

By microscopic observation superhydrophobic surface condensation initial droplet condensation, coagulation process, the results show that, within a certain range, super-hydrophobic surface condensation droplet diameters as the ambient temperature increases, the relative humidity increases, the temperature of the substrate decreases and increases; Comparative superhydrophobic surfaces with conventional surface under the same conditions of the condensation image found that the average surface of the droplets and the rapid formation of a layer of condensate nucleation "water film", while the super-hydrophobic surface into a droplet nucleation and coagulation larger diameter droplets, more sparsely distributed in superhydrophobic surfaces; condensation quality statistics on experiments under different conditions at different times superhydrophobic surface, the results showed that superhydrophobic surfaces better than ordinary anti-condensation properties, and fitting a superhydrophobic surface condensation quality factors associated with their type:

Finally, microscopic observation of the early frost, changes in quality of frost frost layer growth process, using the classical nucleation theory for the mechanism of superhydrophobic surfaces to explain the anti-frost.
Different dripping height were selected for stability superhydrophobic surface impact test, the results herein show that the superhydrophobic surface of the droplets produced at the high-speed impact can still maintain an excellent non-stick superhydrophobic properties; superhydrophobic surface on Static droplet surface than ordinary home has excellent ability to delay the ice, but with decreasing substrate temperature, the ability to delay the icing decreased; dynamic low droplet impact superhydrophobic surface experiments showed that when the temperature is higher than -25 ℃ low temperature drops quickly ricochet off the superhydrophobic surface without the risk of freezing.

谷歌计算机翻译。