being adj是什么用法，独立主格吗，如果是的话它和to be adj有什么区别？

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

回答如下：
being + 形容词可以是动名词短语，也可以是现在分词短语，关键看它们在句中所起的作用。
1. 动名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语(表示用途)、宾补、同位语。例如：
His being late made the teacher very angry.
Her job is tending the patient.
I like skating.
He works in the reading room.
His dream, going abroad, has come true.
2. 现在分词在句中可以作状语、定语、表语、宾补。例如：
Being late, he was blamed by the teacher.
The film is very moving.
The man standing there is my uncle.
I saw her sleeping in the room.
3. 独立主格结构的构成是：名词或代词+ 形容词、现在分词、过去分词、有些副词、介词短语、不定式、名词构成。独立主格结构在句中主要用来作状语，可以表示时间、原因、条件、伴随、方式等。例如：
Tom ( being) late, the teacher scolded him.
Weather permitting, we will go there.
He entered the room, a book (held )in his hand.
He looked at the wolf, his face (being) pale with terror.
4. 不定式短语在句中作主语、宾语、表语、宾补、状语、同位语。例如：
To stay here is of no use.
He wants to leave here.
She asked me to attend the meeting.
His dream, to go to college , is certain to come true.
I have a letter to write.
Her job is to clean the desks.

Answer 2

要点如下：
1. 不一定是独立结构，但分词短语通常作状语，强调当时的状况，比如Being tired, he went to bed early. (因为累了，它早早上床睡觉了)
2. 如果是不定式短语，也可以做状语，但强调的是想要怎样，比如To be efficient, you should have good ways. (想要有效率，你就要有好方法)

Answer 3

1）“being + 形容词”是现在分词短语，如果前面有独立于句子主语的逻辑主语（也就是独立主格）才称得上独立主格结构，否则，只能称其为普通的状语。
2）“being + 形容词”是现在分词短语，用来充当时间、原因、条件、方式、伴随等状语，与主句的行为或状态同步或先后发生；“to be + 形容词”属于不定式短语，用来充当目的状语，晚于主句的行为或状态发生。