英语求助

Question

初中的英语大概有几种时态？！！分别是···？每种时态句子怎样构成？有什么特点？什么时候该用哪种时态？？？困惑····

Answer 1

我来给你解答吧。
第一部分是时态的介绍和用法。第二部分是时态的构成形式。
一） 动词是谓语动所表示的动作或情况发生时间的各种形式。英语动词有16种时态，但是常用的只有9种：一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时、现在完成时、过去完成时、过去将来时、现在完成进行时。下面分别介绍。
1、 一般现在时的用法
1） 表示经常性、习惯性的动作；表示现在的状态、特征和真理。句中常用 often, usually, every day 等时间状语。例如：
a. He goes to school every day.
b. He is very happy.
c.The earth moves around the sun.
2) 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。例如：
a. If you come this afternoon, we’ll have a meeting.
b. When I graduate, I’ll go to countryside.
3) 有时这个时态表示按计划、规定要发生的动作（句中都带有时间状语），但限于少数动词，如：begin, come, leave, go ,arrive, start , stop, return, open, close等。例如：
a. The meeting begins at seven.
b. The rain starts at nine in the morning.
4) 表示状态和感觉的动词(be, like, hate, think, remember, find, sound 等)常用一般现在进行时。
a. I like English very much.
b. The story sound very interesting.
5) 书报的标题、小说等情节介绍常用一般现在时。

2.一般过去时的用法
1） 表示过去某时间发生的事、存在的状态或过反复发生的动作。
a. He saw Mr. Wang yesterday.
b. He worked in a factory in 1986.
2)表示过去经常发生的动作 ， 也可用 “used to “ 和“would + 动词原形”。 I used to smoke. During the vacation I wouldm in the sea.
注：”used to “ 表示过去常发生而现在不再发生的动作或存在的状态。“would + 动词原形”没有 “现在不再……”含义。另外“to be used to +名词（动名词）”表示“习惯于…..”
a. I am used to the climate here.
b. He is used tomming in winter.

3.一般将来时的用法
一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态。其表达形式除了 “ will 或 shall + 动词原形 ”表示即将发生的或最近打算进行的事。
It is going to rain.
We are going to have a meeting today.
2）“be to + 动词原形” 表示按计划进行或征求对方意见。
The boy is to go to school tomorrow.
Are we to go on with this work?
3) “be about to + 动词原形” 表示即将发生的动作，意为 be ready to do sth. 后面一般不跟时间状语。 We are about to leave.
4) go , come , start, move, sail, leave, arrive ,stay 等可用进行时态表示按计划即将发生的动作。I’m leaving for Beijing.
5) 某些动词(如come, go ,leave, arrive, start, get , stay 等)的一般现在时也可表示将来。
The meeting starts at five o’clock.
He gets off at the next stop.

4.现在进行时的用法
1） 现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作，由“to be + 现在分词” 构成。另外， “系动词 + 介词或副词” 也表示进行时的意义。What are you doing? The bridge is under construction.
2） 表示感觉、愿望和状态的某些动词（如have, be , here, se, like 等 ） 一般不用进行。

5.过去进行时的用法
1） 过去进行时过去某一时刻、某一阶段正进行的动作，由 “ was (were) + 现在分词”构成。
In 1980 he was studying in a university.
He was reading a novel when I came in.

6.现在完成时的用法
现在完成时由 “have + 过去分词其使用有两种情况：
1） 现在完成时所表示的动作在说话之前已完成，但对现在有影响。句中没有具体时间状语。
He has gone to Fuzhou.
He has been to Fuzhou.
2) 现在完成时所表示的动作开始于过去，持续到现在，也许还会持续下去常用 for 和since表示一段时间的状语或so far , now, today, this wek (month, year ) 等表示包括现在内的状语。
He has studied English for 5 years.
He has studied English since 1985.
Now I have finished the work..
注意：表示短暂时间动作的词（如come, go , die, marry, buy 等）的完成时不能与for, since 等 表示一般时间的词连用。
3）现在完成进行时还可用时间和条件状语从句中，表示将来某时完成的动作。
I’ll go o your home when I have finished my homework.
If it has stopped snowing in the morning, we’ll go to the park.

7．过去完成时的用法
1） 过去完成时由“had + 过去分词”构成。过去完成时的动作表示过去某一时刻或某一时刻或某一动作之前完成的动作或状态。句中常用by, before, until, when 等词引导的时间状语。
By the end of last year we had built five new houses.
I had learnt 5000 words before I entered the university.
2)过去完成时的动词还可表示过去某一时刻之前发生的动作或状态持续到过去某个时间或持续下去。Before he slept, he had worked for 12 hours.

8．过去将来时的用法
过去将来时表示从过去的某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。过去将来时由 “should 或 would + 动词原形” 构成。第一人称用should, 其他人称用would.
They were sure that they would succeed.

9.现在完成进行时的用法
现在完成进行时由 “ have (has)+ been + 现在分词”构成，表示现在以前一直进行的动作。有些动词（work, study, live, teach 等） 用现在完成时与用现在完成时意思差不多。
I have worked here for three years.
I have been working here for three years.
但多数动词在这两种时态表示不同意思
I have been writing a letter.
注意：表示短暂动作的动词（finish, marry, get up, come, go 等）不能用这种时态。

（二） 动词语态
1． 当句子的主语是动作的执行者时， 谓语的形式叫主动语态。句子的主语是动作承受者时，谓语的形式叫被动作语态。被动语态由助动词be + 过去分词构成，时态通过be 表现出来。
1） 一般现在时：You are required to do this.
2） 一般过去时：The story was told by her.
3） 一般将来时：The problem will be discussed tomorrow.
4） 现在进行时：The road is being widened.
5） 过去进行时：The new tool was being made.
6） 现在完成时：The novel has been read.
7） 过去完成时：He said that the work had been finished.
8） 过去将来时：He said that the trees would be planted soon.
2. 一些特殊的被动结构
1） 带情态动词的被动结构：The problem must be solved soon.
2） 带不定式的被动结构：The room is going to be painted.

我这还还有很多语法课件，把你邮箱给我，我可以发给你。
希望可以帮到你。

Answer 2

过去进行 was/were+doing

现在完成 have+p.p.（重视~由since＆for过引导的从句）

过去完成 had+pp

一般现在 第三人称单数后面加s 其余用动词原形...（- -应该就这点吧）

一般将来 will/shall/be going to do+Verb原

一般过去 主语后直接加Verb过去式

过去将来 was/were/going to + do would/should + do.

现在进行 am/is/are+doing

初中就这些比较主要的.现在完成时要重视.

再稍微注意下没有列出来的时态..初中这些就够了....

我刚初中毕业= =

Answer 3

1. 一般现在时 be / do /does
2. 一般过去时 was / did
3. 一般将来时 will do / be
4. 现在进行时 be doing
5. 现在完成时 have/has done / been
6. 现在完成进行时 have/has been doing
7. 将来进行时 will be doing
8. 将来完成时 will have done / been
9. 将来完成进行时 will have been doing
10.过去将来时 would do / be
11.过去完成时 had done / been
12.过去进行时 was doing
13.过去将来完成时 would have done / been
14.过去将来进行时 would be doing
15.过去完成进行时 had been doing
16.过去将来完成进行时 would have been doing
希望对你有帮助。

Answer 4

其实作为初中生，只要掌握8大时态就已经行了，因为8大时态是基础，会了他们自然别的时态也就会用了，一定要注意语境，在做题中去体会，千万不要急于求成，也不要因为学不好而困惑，要以一颗平静的心去面对，去学习，我相信，一定会学好。因为这是我的经历。
一、 一般现在时
1.概念：经常、反复发生的动作或行为及现在的某种状况。
2.时间状语： Always, usually, often, sometimes, every week (day, year, month…), once a week(day, year, month…), on Sundays.
3.基本结构：动词 原形 （如主语为第三人称单数，动词上要改为第三人称单数形式）
4.否定形式：主语/三单+do/does not+V原+其他
5.一般疑问句：用助动词do提问，如主语为第三人称单数，则用does，同时，还原行为动词。
6.例句:He is always ready to help others.
Do you like it?
I don't like it at all.
二、 一般过去时
1.概念：过去某个时间里发生的动作或状态；过去习惯性、经常性的动作、行为。
2.时间状语：ago, yesterday, the day before yesterday, last week, last(year, night, month…), in 1989, just now, at the age of 5, one day, long long ago, once upon a time, etc.
3.基本结构：主语+动词或be的过去时+名词
4.否定形式：主语+was/were +not+其他;在行为动词前加didn't，同时还原行为动词。
5.例句：She often came to help us in those days.
Did they arrive at the hotel yesterday?
I didn't know you were so busy.
三、现在进行时
1.概念：现在进行时表示现在或当前一段时间正在进行的动作。可以表示有计划的未来，也就是用现在进行时表示将来。
2.时间状语：now, at the moment , at the time , today , tonight , this morning , this afternoon , this evening , this week , this month , this year , while , ect.
3.基本结构：主语+be+v.-ing〔现在分词〕形式
4.例句： The leaves are turning red.
Are they playing football in the playground?
He is not waiting for his brother at all.
四、 过去进行时
1.概念：表示过去某段时间或某一时刻正在发生或进行的行为或动作。 2.时间状语：at this time yesterday, at that time或以when引导的谓语动词是一般过去时的时间状语等。
3.基本结构 主语+was/were +doing +其他
4.例句：At that time she was working in a PLA unit.
Was she reading the book at 12:30?
He wasn't working in his office at that time.
五、 现在完成时
1.概念：过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果，或从过去已经开始，持续到现在的动作或状态。
2.时间状语：yet,already,just,never,ever,so far,by now,since+时间点，for+时间段，recently, lately, in the past few years, etc.
3.基本结构：主语+have/has +p.p（过去分词）+其他
4.例句：The countryside has changed a lot in the past few years.
Have they finished their task?
He hasn't understood yet.
六、 过去完成时
1.概念：以过去某个时间为标准，在此以前发生的动作或行为，或在过去某动作之前完成的行为，即“过去的过去”。
2.时间状语：Before, by the end of last year (term, month…), etc. until，as soon as
3.基本结构：主语+had + p.p（过去分词）+其他
4.例句：As soon as we got to the station, the train had left.
Had he watched this film before last Sunday?
They hadn't been to Chengdu before the visit.
七、一般将来时
1.概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。 2.时间状语：Tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, in a few minutes, by…,the day after tomorrow, etc.
3.基本结构：主语+am/is/are +going to + do+其他；主语+will/shall + do+其他
4.例句：He will phone his aunt tomorrow.
Will there be a meeting at school tomorrow?
We won't forget your kindness.
八、 过去将来时
1.概念：立足于过去某一时刻，从过去看将来，常用于宾语从句中。 2.时间状语：The next day (morning, year…),the following month(week…),etc.
3.基本结构：主语+was/were +going to + do+其他；主语+would/should + do+其他
4.例句：He said he would go home the next day.
Did he said that he would come the next week?
She didn't expect that she would be late.
也就是这些。你慢慢体会吧。希望对你有所帮助