(1)①CH
3CH(C
2H
5)CH(CH
3)
2:其最长碳链含有5个C,主链为戊烷,编号从右端开始,在2、3号C各含有1个甲基,该有机物名称为:2,3-二甲基戊烷,
故答案为:2,3-二甲基戊烷;
②(CH
3)
2C=C(CH
3)
2:选取含有碳碳双键的最长碳链为主链,该有机物主链为丁烯,碳碳双键在2号C,在2、3号C各含有2个甲基,该有机物名称为:2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯,
故答案为:2,3-二甲基-2-丁烯;
(2)①2,3-二甲基-4-乙基已烷,主链为己烷,最长碳链含有6个C,在2、3号C各含有1个甲基,在4号C含有1个乙基,该有机物的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/79f0f736afc37931e222bd9be8c4b74543a9113d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/79f0f736afc37931e222bd9be8c4b74543a9113d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
②含有乙基,烷烃的主链至少含有5个C,乙基在3号位,所以只有一个乙基且式量最小的烷烃的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/78310a55b319ebc45c324d2b8126cffc1e17163d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/78310a55b319ebc45c324d2b8126cffc1e17163d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.