第1个回答 2015-10-04
1、关系代词（that, who, whom, whose, which）所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
例1. Is he the man who/that wants to see you?（who / that在从句中作主语，指人）
例2. He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.（whom / that在从句中作宾语，指人）
例3. They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.（whose在句中作定语，指人）
例4. Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.（whose在句中作定语，指物。若指物，它还可以同of which互换）
例5. The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作carry的宾语，指物）
2、关系副词（when, where, why, that）可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用。
例6. Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.
例7. Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?
例8. His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.
例9. He can’t find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago.
3、连接代词
连接代词主要有who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whosever,
whatever,which ev er等.
连接代词一般指疑问,但what,whatever除了指疑问之外,也可指陈述.
Do you know who has won the Red Alert game?你知道谁赢了这一局红警游戏吗?
I don’t know whom you should depend on?我不知道你该依靠谁.
This book will show you what the best CEO should know.这本书会告诉你最好CEO的应该了解什么.
Have you determined whichever you should buy,a Nokia walkie-talkie or a Motorola cell phone?
你决定好买诺基亚无线话机呢还是买摩托罗拉手机?
4.连接副词
连接副词主要有when,where,why,how,whenever,wherever,however等.
He didn’t tell me when we would meet again.他没告诉我什么时候我们再相见.
Could you please show me how you read the new panel?
你能否给我展示一下你如何辨认这个新的操作盘?
None of us knows where these new accessories can be bought.我们中没人知道这些零件在哪里可以买到.
先行词与关系词的关系
引导定语从句的词被称为关系词.关系词根据其在定语从句中的功能可分为关系代词和关系副词.关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,关系副词在定语从句中作状语.
含有定语从句的句子一般分为两层：即主句层（第一层）,定语从句层（第二层）.