have been made

Question

Major efforts have been made to promote technological entrepreneurship.
我对have,been,made的关联不清楚，一定不是have been+v过分。是不是这样：是be made表被动，说明很大努力被作出，而have是表示一个完成的时态，be也得变成过分，至于to到底是个介词，指出所指对象。还是一个动词不定式？
正着说能不能这样:Promoting technological entrepreneurship have made major efforts.

Answer 1

1.been made是被动，前面加完成时。
2.to在这里不是介词，因为介词后面不能接动词原形，只能接名词、代词或者动名词等。这里是动词不定时，在句中作状语补充说明make efforts的目的。
3.不能像lz那样说。原句是一个被动句且省略了动作发出的主体。应该说成，We/They/The government/或者别的什么人 have made major effors to promote technological entrepreneurship.

Answer 2

Promoting technological entrepreneurship have made major efforts. 这个是错误的。原句用被动语句的意义就是不确定发出动作的人是谁。可以理解为 People have made major efforts to promote technological entrepreneurship. to do 这里是不定式，表示目的。