定语从句中先行词指人时,who 和 that 的区别

如题所述

定语从句中先行词指人时who和that的区别:先行词指人时意思不同、先行词指人时用法不同、先行词指人时侧重点不同

一、先行词指人时意思不同

1.who意思:pron. 谁

2.that意思:pron. 那

二、先行词指人时用法不同

1.who用法:在句中用作宾语或主语。

例句:

Do you know who broke the window?

你知道谁打破了窗户?

2.that用法:引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句和状语从句

例句:

I walked to the gate that opened towards the lake.

我走向那扇临湖的大门。

三、先行词指人时侧重点不同

1.who侧重点:用作限制性或非限制性的关系代词,意思是“…的人,那个…”“他,她,他们”,在句中作主语。

2.that侧重点:用作关系代词,指人,在从句中充当句子成分。that偶尔也可引导非限制性定语从句

温馨提示:答案为网友推荐,仅供参考
第1个回答  2019-06-16

1、在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom),不能用that。

My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautifulpresent just before this Christmas。 

我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物。

2、当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom),不能用that。

Do you know the girl in front ofthe blackboard who is speaking to the students? 

你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?

3、当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom),不能用that。

Those who want to go there comehere please。 

那些想去那儿的人请来这边。

4、当先行词为one, ones, anyone,everyone, none, all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom),不能用that。

Anyone who is against us is ourenemy。 

任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人。

本回答被网友采纳
第2个回答  推荐于2018-02-25
区别为如下情况:
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形

(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom)。
(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom)。
(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom)。
(4) 当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom)。
(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who。
(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom)。
(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that,那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who。
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
(2) 当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very形容词修饰时,引导词只能用that。
(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时,引导词只能用that。
(4) the same as 与 the same that
the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物;the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物,即:同一事物。

定语从句,一个简单句跟在一名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。在主句中充当定语成分。被修饰的词叫先行词。定语从句不同于单词作定语的情况,它通常只能放在被修饰的词(即先行词)之后。定语 从句由关系词(关系代词、关系副词)引导,关系代词、关系副词位于定语从句句首。关系代词引导的定语从句:关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语 从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。本回答被网友采纳
第3个回答  2016-07-31
who (whom) 和that的用法区别详解
在定语从句中,关系代词who (whom) 和that都可指人和物,在一般情况下,可以互换使用,但在下列情况下值得注意:
一、用who (whom) 而不用that的情形
(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom).如:
My sister,who is studying abroad,sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas.我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物.
(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom).如:
Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students?你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?
(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom).如:
Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那儿的人请来这边.
(4) 当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom).如:
Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人.
(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who.如:
The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来.
(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom).如:
There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我们班有些学生你见过.
(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that,那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who.如:
The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟.
二、用that 而不用who (whom)的情形
(1) 当先行词前面有形容词的最高级或序数词修饰时,引导词只能用that.如:
The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong.在为我们队踢足球的最高哪个运动员来自山东.
(2) 当先行词前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all,very形容词修饰时,引导词只能用that.如:
He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher.他是唯一的一个对老师说“不”的学生
(3) 当主句是以who开头的特殊疑问句时,引导词只能用that.如:
Who is woman that you talked with just now?刚才跟你谈话的那位妇女是谁?
(4) the same as 与 the same that
the same as所引导定语从句的内容与先行词同类而不同物;the same that表示所引导的从句内容与先行词同类同物,即:同一事物.如:
She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago.她正穿着我几天前所丢失的上衣.
She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.她正穿着跟我几天前所丢失的上衣同样的上衣.
求采纳
第4个回答  2015-10-23
用who (whom) 而不用that的情形(1) 在非限制性定语从句中的先行词指人时,只能用who (whom).如:My sister,who is studying abroad,sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas.我姐姐,她在国外学习,就在圣诞节前给我寄来了漂亮的礼物.(2) 当定语从句对指人的先行词进行隔位修饰时,只能用who (whom).如:Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students?你认识黑板前面正在给学生们讲话的那位女孩子吗?(3) 当先行词为people和those时,只能用who (whom).如:Those who want to go there come here please.那些想去那儿的人请来这边.(4) 当先行词为one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人) 时,只能用who (whom).如:Anyone who is against us is our enemy.任何反对我们的人就是我们的敌人.(5) 先行词指人,而关系代词在从句中作主语时,一般多用who.如:The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few days.昨天来这儿的那个人说过几天他会再来.(6) 在there be句型中名词的定语从句多用who (whom).如:There are students in our class who / whom you have met.我们班有些学生你见过.(7) 当句子中有两个指人的现行词分别带有两个定语从句时,若一个定语从句的引导词为that,那么,另一个定语从句的引导词必定为who.如:The boy that you met just now is Li Ming’s brother who just graduated from a university.刚才你会到的那个男孩是李明的刚从大学毕业的弟弟.
相似回答