定语从句的用法归纳总结

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

定语从句的使用是一个关键的语言结构，它允许我们通过完整的句子来修饰和限定名词或代词。以下是定语从句的总结：

首先，定语从句分为两种类型：限制性和非限制性。限制性定语从句紧跟其修饰的名词，不可与主句隔开，如"I have a sister who is a doctor"（我有一个当医生的姐姐）。而非限制性定语从句则用逗号隔开，如"I have a sister, who is a doctor"（我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的）。

接着，定语从句的关系词分为关系代词（如who, that, whom, whose, which, that）和关系副词（如where, when, why）。关系代词在从句中担任主语、宾语或定语的角色，而关系副词则表示时间或地点。例如，"The girl who/that I spoke to"中的"who/that"作主语，"in which"或"where"则表示时间或地点。

在代词选择上，who和that引导的定语从句可以指人作主宾，whom仅作宾语；which和that指物时，也可作主宾，且有时可省略。例如，"The building which/that stands near the train station"中的"which/that"作主语。而关系代词whose用于表示所属关系，如"the singer whose name is Wang Feng"或"the house whose windows face south"。

值得注意的是，非限制性定语从句通常用which引导，而不用that；在介词提前或先行词是that的情况下，只能用which。例如，"He had failed in the maths exam, which made his father very angry"或"This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live"。

最后，关系副词引导的定语从句进一步细化了时间（如"I still remember the day when I first came to the school"）、地点（如"Shanghai is the city where I was born"）和原因（如"Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane"）等具体信息的表达。