化合物A是合成天然橡胶的单体,分子式为C
5H
8,A是异戊二烯,A和B反应生成
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0823dd54564e9258143e6f6e9f82d158ccbf4e2c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,根据异戊二烯和
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0823dd54564e9258143e6f6e9f82d158ccbf4e2c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
的结构简式知,A和B发生了加成反应,B的结构简式为:CH
2=CHCOOCH
2CH
3,
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0823dd54564e9258143e6f6e9f82d158ccbf4e2c?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
和溴发生加成反应生成
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4e4a20a4462309f7cd6a4492710e0cf3d7cad62d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4e4a20a4462309f7cd6a4492710e0cf3d7cad62d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
和氢氧化钠的醇溶液发生消去反应生成
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/203fb80e7bec54e797a3f39eba389b504ec26ae7?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/203fb80e7bec54e797a3f39eba389b504ec26ae7?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
和溴反应生成C,C为单溴代物,分子中有两个亚甲基,C和氢氧化钠的水溶液反应,再和酸反应生成C
8H
10O
3,所以C的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/96dda144ad345982ea1fc3150ff431adcaef849b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,分子式为C
8H
10O
3结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/359b033b5bb5c9ea549c2564d639b6003bf3b3cd?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
(1)根据以上分析可知,A是异戊二烯,结构简式为:CH
2=C(CH
3)-CH=CH
2,
故答案为:CH
2=C(CH
3)-CH=CH
2;
(2)B的结构简式为:CH
2=CHCOOCH
2CH
3,则其分子式为:C
5H
8O
2,
故答案为:C
5H
8O
2;
(3)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4e4a20a4462309f7cd6a4492710e0cf3d7cad62d?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
与氢氧化钠的醇溶液发生消去反应生成
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/203fb80e7bec54e797a3f39eba389b504ec26ae7?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,反应的化学方程式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4bed2e738bd4b31ca193484184d6277f9f2ff899?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/4bed2e738bd4b31ca193484184d6277f9f2ff899?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(4)通过以上分析知,①和③的反应类型分别是加成反应和取代反应,
故答案为:加成反应,取代反应;
(5)C为单溴代物,分子中有两个亚甲基,C和氢氧化钠的水溶液反应,再和酸反应生成C
8H
10O
3,反应的化学方程式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/96dda144ad345982ea1fc3150ff431adcaef849b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+2H
2O
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/caef76094b36acafbd52437b7fd98d1000e99c83?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/359b033b5bb5c9ea549c2564d639b6003bf3b3cd?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+C
2H
5OH+HBr,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/96dda144ad345982ea1fc3150ff431adcaef849b?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+2H
2O
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/caef76094b36acafbd52437b7fd98d1000e99c83?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/359b033b5bb5c9ea549c2564d639b6003bf3b3cd?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
+C
2H
5OH+HBr.