英语中非谓语动词的完成被动式和过去分词有何区别没

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

现在分词一般式和完成式皆有被动式。如：
The house being built is a big project. 正在施工的那幢楼是一项很大的工程。(现在分词一般式被动式，用作定语)
This having been said. Let us return to our subject. 道完了此事，让我们言归正传吧。(现在分词完成式，用于独立结构)
Being surrounded, the enemy troops were forced to surrender. 敌军被包围了，结果被迫投降。(现在分词一般式被动式，用作原因状语)
Did you see the boy being questioned by the police? 你看见那男孩受到警察审问了吗?(现在分词一般式被动式，用作宾语补语)
有时现在分词完成式的被动式和过去分词完全同义，皆表示已完成的动作，这时用过去分词较好。如：
Written in haste, the composition is full of mistakes. 这篇文章仓猝写就，因而错误百出。(written较having been written好)
但使用过去分词有歧义时，则应用现在分词完成式的被动式表已完成的动作。如：
She rebuked herself for forgetting what she really knew quite well, having been told it often. 她常被告以此事，所以她责备自己忘记了她实已熟知的事。(如用told it often，除可能具有having been told it often的含义外，也可能具有“经常被告诉”的意思)