1．关于语音的几个概念
1)元音字母a, e, i(y), o, u,
2)音标：词的语音形式。
3)音素：音的最小的单位。英语中有48音素。
4)音节：由元音和辅音构成的发音单位。ap'ple, stu'dent, tea'cher, un'der'stand
5)元音：发音响亮，是乐音；口腔中气流不收阻碍；是构成音节的主要音。英语中有20元音。
6)辅音：发音不响亮，是噪音；口腔中气流受到阻碍；不是构成音节的主要音。英语中有28辅音。
7)开音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音+e name bike ;b) 辅音+元音 he, go, hi
8)闭音节：a) 辅音+元音+辅音 bad, bed, sit, hot, cup; b)元音+辅音it
9)重读音节：单词中发音特别响亮的音节。
2. 元音：(注意：下面空方括号是电脑无法输入的音标)
1)[i:] sea, he, see, piece, ceiling
2)[i] sit, build, miss, myth
3)[e] bed, desk, head,
4)[æ] bad, land, bank, stamp
5)[a:] car, fast, class, plant, calm, aunt
6)[ɔ] hot, want
7)[ ɔ:] door, more, sport, ball, warm, author, court, bought, caught
8)[u:] good, who, blue, soup,
9)[u] look, put, women, could
10)[∧] cup, come, blood, rough
11)[ә:] girl, work, serve, nurse
12)[ә] cadre, ago, forget, polite, dollar, doctor, famous, Saturday
13)[ei] cake, they, play, eight, great,
14)[ai] bike, die, neither, light, try, find, height, eye
15)[әu] phone, cold, boat, soul, grow
16)[au] house, town
17)[ɔi] boy, oil
18)[iә] dear, idea, deer, here, fierce,
19)[εә] pear, care, there, fair
20)[uә] tour, poor,
4. 辅音
1)[p] pen,
2)[b] bed, comb
3)[t] tell,
4)[d], day, played, wanted
5)[k] cold, sky, quick, school, back, accept, box
6)[g] big, go, guess, language
7)[m] man
8)[n] nine, knife, autumn
9)[η] bank, uncle, English, sing,
10)[l] land, world
11)[r] read, write,
12)[f] five, cough, laugh
13)[v] voice, of
14)[θ] think,
15)[ ð] this, bathe
16)[s] sit, miss, science, case, scarf
17)[z] zoo, close,
18)[∫] sure, she, social, nation
19)[/] pleasure,
20)[h] hot, who, hour
21)[w] wall, what, answer
22)[j] yes
23)[t∫] child, teach, catch
24)[d/] joke, bridge,
25)[ts] boats
26)[dz] goods
27)[tr] tree
28)[dr] dream
参考资料：http://www.ahtvu.ah.cn/jxc1/zhykch/1125/fd7.htm