有机物A有C、H、O三种元素组成,Mr(A)=
=120,0.1molA在足量的氧气中充分燃烧后生成0.8molCO
2和7.2g H
2O,水的物质的量=
=0.4mol,根据原子守恒可知,该有机物中N(C)=
=8、N(H)=
=8,故有机物中N(O)=
=1,故有机物A的分子式为C
8H
8O,A系列反应得到芳香醛E,结合信息中醛与HCN的加成反应,可知A含有C=O双键,A与HCN发生加成反应生成B,B发生水解反应生成C,C在浓硫酸、加热条件下生成D,D能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色,应为发生消去反应,D被臭氧氧化生成E与F,F继续被氧化生成G,G的相对分子质量为90,则G为HOOC-COOH,故F为OHC-COOH,E为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/a08b87d6277f9e2f5ae39fb91c30e924b999f3a9?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,D为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/94cad1c8a786c9177ec8d088ca3d70cf3ac757b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,C为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/960a304e251f95ca2f3d1007ca177f3e660952b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/6d81800a19d8bc3e42c0847b818ba61ea9d345b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,A的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/cc11728b4710b91274c4ca4cc0fdfc039245227e?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
(l) 由上述分析可知,A 的分子式为C
8H
8O,B为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/6d81800a19d8bc3e42c0847b818ba61ea9d345b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,苯环上C原子成3个σ键,没有孤电子对,采取sp
2杂化,侧链中亚甲基、次甲基中C原子成4个σ键,没有孤电子对,采取sp
3杂化,-CN中C原子成2个σ键,没有孤电子对,采取sp杂化,
故答案为:C
8H
8O;sp、sp
2、sp
3;
(2)由上述分析可知,D的结构简式为
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/94cad1c8a786c9177ec8d088ca3d70cf3ac757b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/94cad1c8a786c9177ec8d088ca3d70cf3ac757b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
;
(3)
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/960a304e251f95ca2f3d1007ca177f3e660952b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
在浓硫酸加热的条件下时,分子内脱水除生成
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/94cad1c8a786c9177ec8d088ca3d70cf3ac757b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
由于C中含有羧基、羟基,另外还可以发生酯化反应生成另一种有机物,故答案为:酯化反应;
(4)C(
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/960a304e251f95ca2f3d1007ca177f3e660952b3?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
)的同分异构体有多种,其中符合下列要求的有机物有多种:
①能与3mol NaOH溶液反应,含有酚羟基、羧酸与酚形成的酯基;
②苯环上的一卤代物只有一种,苯环上含有1种氢原子;
③能发生银镜反应,结合①可知,酯基为甲酸与酚形成的酯基,
满足条件的有机物的结构简式为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0eb30f2442a7d93381704cf2ae4bd11372f00152?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
,
故答案为:
![](https://video.ask-data.xyz/img.php?b=https://iknow-pic.cdn.bcebos.com/0eb30f2442a7d93381704cf2ae4bd11372f00152?x-bce-process=image%2Fresize%2Cm_lfit%2Cw_600%2Ch_800%2Climit_1%2Fquality%2Cq_85%2Fformat%2Cf_auto)
.