第1个回答 2016-06-14
都是代替先行词是物的关系代词，但是有些情况下不能互换。
以下情况只能用that：
1.先行词是人时，可以用that，不能用which。
如：
She's the most beautiful girl that I have ever seen.
她是我所见过的最美丽的女孩。
2.先行词被序数词时或最高级修饰时。
He is the first person that I met this morning.
他是我今天早上见到的第一个人。
This is the best story that I have ever heard.
这是我曾经听过的最好的故事。
3.先行词为不定代词（如：all,much,something,everything,anything,nothing,none,the one）等等。
If your boss asks you to do something that you know will not work out, make theproblem your own.
如果你的老板要求你做某事，而你知道这不会奏效，那就把问题归结到自己身上。
Had I filled myself with all that you know, what room should I have for all that you do not know?
我若把你所知道的一切来装满自己，那么还有什么空间来装你所不知道的一切呢？
4.先行词被the only, any, little, no, just,few, the very, 等词修饰时。
This is the very book that I lost yesterday.
这就是我掉的那本书。
5.先行词本身既有人又有物。
I won’t forget the things and the persons that I met.
我不会忘记我遇见过的人和物。
如：Yesterday I caught two fish and put them in a basin of water .Now you can see the two that are still alive .
6.如果有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词已用which ，另一个关系代词宜用that，避免重复.
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
7.疑问词是who或which，关系代词宜用that，以避免重复.
Which is the book that you like best?
Who is the man that is standing at the gate?
主句是There be 结构，修饰表语的定语从句用that 作关系代词. 如：
There is still a seat in the corner that is still free.
8.被修饰成分为表语时，或者关系代词本身是定语从句的表语时，该关系代词宜用that 。
That's a good book that will help you a lot.
My home village is no longer the place ( that ) it used to be .
定语从句中宜用which而不宜用that 的情况:
1.当关系代词的前面有介词时. 如：
This is the town in which I have lived for three years.
这就是我住了3年的城镇。
2.在非限制性定语从句中.
His mother will be able to pick up the cash at her local village shop, which will have a miniature scanner for her fingerprints.
而他的母亲则能在配有微型指纹扫描仪的当地乡村商店中提取现金。
3.在一个句子中有两个定语从句,其中一个定语从句的关系代词用了that, 另一个宜用which .如：
Edison built up a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.
爱迪生建立一个生产他从没有听见过的东西的工厂。
4.当关系代词后面带有插入语时.
Here's the book which, as I have told you, will help improve your English.
这就是我告诉过你的那本能提高我英语的那本书。
5.先行词本身是that, 宜用which .
What's that which she is looking for?
她正在找的是什么？
第2个回答 2016-06-13
一 关系代词that的使用
1.先行词是all,anything,everything,nothing等,关系代词应用that?
That’s all that I know.
2.先行词前有the only,the same,the very 或no,little,much,any,every,all 等修饰时,关系代词应用that?
This is the only reason that I can say.
3.先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,关系代词常用that?
The first thing that we should do is to help him.
4.当先行词同时含有"人"或"物"时,关系代词应用that?
Can you see a man and his horse that are crossing the bridge?
5.在固定结构the same...that...; so...that...; such...that...以及it is/was...that...的强调句型中,须用that?
This is the same museum that you once visited.
6.如主句以there be开头时,关系代词应用that?
There is a house that has two windows.
7.当一个句子中含有两个定语从句时,如前一个已用关系代词which,后一个关系代词宜用that,避免重复?但两个定语从句的结构如果平行,应重复同一个关系代词?
I’ll borrow a book which tells about the heroic deeds that the PLA did in the battles against the invaders.
He told me to read a book that is very short,and that is very interesting.
8.that还可引导同位语从句,which则不能?
He told me the news that they would come to see me.
二 关系代词which的使用
1.非限制性定语从句中关系代词一般要用which?
She was awarded a gold medal,which the whole family considered a GREat honour.
2.关系代词前如有介词,关系代词须用 which?如把介词移至句末,可用that(或省略)?
There’s only one problem about which they disaGREe.
This is the book(that)she was looking for.
3.如果先行词是that,关系代词应用 which?
I have that which you gave me.
4.如先行词和定语从句之间被其它较长的成分分隔,常用which?
Larry told her the story of the young airman which I narrated at the beginning of this book.(先行词为story)
5.在"those+复数形式的名词"结构中,其后的关系代词多用which?
A shop should keep a stock of those goods which sell best.
6.一个句子中如有两个定语从句,第一个定语从句用了关系代词that,第二个从句中的关系代词宜用which?但在平行结构中,应重复同一个关系代词?
This is the book that you bought which you have lost.
I have a house which is located on the hillside,which faces the south.本回答被提问者采纳