用英语单词造句就要明确英语的各种句子成分。
一、主语——多表示人或事物,是句子里被陈述的对象,在句首能回答“谁”或者“什么”等问题。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词和主语从句等来承担。如:
My mother is a doctor.
I am her mother.
The rich aren't always happy.
To read novels is pleasant.
Learning a foreign language is important.
Who to take care of my grandmother is a big problem.
That I love you is true.
二、谓语——是一个句子的主要成分,谓语通常是由简单动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词)构成,谓语分为简单谓语和复合谓语。
I saw her on the street.
I have given up smoking.
三、宾语——动作或介系词支配的对象,并且总是处在动词或介系词的后头。可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式、动名词、宾语从句等来担任。
I got a D for my English.
My mother will take care of the puppy.
The wounded numbered ten.
He knows whom to ask.
He began to sing.
He enjoyed playing tennis.
I wonder what the problem is.
四、定语——名词性词语的修饰成分。可以由名词、形容词和起名词和形容词作用的短语担任。如果定语是单个词,定语放在被修饰词的前面,如果是词组,定语放在被修饰词的后面。但是如果被修饰的词为不定代词,或者一些法语过来的形容词,要放在被修饰词的后面。
New York is the largest city in the USA.
The house which I live in belongs to the body politic.
Please give me something interesting to read.
五、状语——动词性、形容词性词语的修饰成分。可以由副词、短语以及从句来担任。
They can find the owners quickly.
The very small boy threw the ball quickly.
She drives rather fast.
Not until I talked to her, did I know that she was homesick.
六、补语——补充说明主语或宾语的语义,如:
My mother is a doctor.
He calls me Johnny.
I consider the book expensive.
He got me to do it.
He made me do it.
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