as soon as
“as soon as” 是“一……就……”最普通的表达方法,前一个“as” 是副词,后一个“as” 是连词,引导时间状语从句。
⑴ He got married as soon as he left university.
他一离开大学就结婚了。
2. directly
“directly”可以用作连词,常用于非正式文体中,相当于“as soon as”。
⑵ I came directly I got your message.
我一接到你的信就赶来了。
3. immediately
“immediately”可以用作连词,主要用于英国英语中,相当于“as soon as”。
⑶ I came immediately I heard the news.
我一听到这个消息,马上就来了。
4. once
“once”用作连词,相当于“as soon as, from the moment that”,意为“一旦……就……”、“当……就……”。
⑷ Once he arrives we can start. 他一到我们就可以动身。
注意①：“once”引导时间状语从句,但常常隐含条件。
⑸--Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?
--Yes. I gave it to her ______I saw her.(2001春季高考,14)
A.while B.the moment C.suddenly D.once
答案：B
分析：不少学生误选D,但“once”隐含条件,意为“一旦……就……”,该句理解成“我一旦见到他就把钱给了他”显然不符合上下文的语境,故排除D。“the moment”看似名次词组,但实际上用作连词,引导时间状语从句,故应选B。
注意②：“once”后面的从句中常可采用省略结构。
⑹ Once seeing it (＝Once you see it ),you can never forget it.
Once seen ( = Once it is seen ),it can never be forgotten.
一旦见到了就永远不会忘记。
5. on/upon + 名词/动名次
“on/upon”用作介词,后接名词或动名词作宾语,意为“immediately after, at the time of”。
⑺ On his arrival at the airport, he was greeted by the Prime Minister. 他一到达机场便受到总理的欢迎。
⑻ On inquiring, we found that the plane had already left.
经询问,我们才知道飞机已经飞走了。
6. immediately after
“immediately after”后接名词、代词或从句,相当于“as soon as”,意为“一……就……”。
⑼ I came immediately after lunch. 我一吃完午饭就来了。
⑽ I got in touch with him immediately after I received the letter. 我一接到信就和他联系了。
7. ① hardly…when…
② scarcely…when…
③ barely…when…
④ no sooner…than…
⑾ The game had hardly/scarcely/barely begun when it started raining. 比赛刚一开始就下起雨来了。
⑿ The game had no sooner begun than it started raining.
比赛刚一开始就下起雨来了。
注意①：在以上句型中,“hardly/scarcely/barely/no sooner”部分为主句,通常与过去完成时连用；“when/than”部分为时间状语从句,通常与一般过去时连用。
⒀ We had hardly started our journey when the car got a flat tyre. 我们刚出发,车胎就破了。
注意②：如果将“hardly/scarcely/barely/no sooner”放在句首,则该主句部分必须使用倒装语序,而“when/than”从句部分语序不倒装。
⒁ Hardly/Scarcely/Barely had the game begun when it started raining.
No sooner had the game begun than it started raining.
⒂ Hardly had we started our journey when the car got a flat tyre.
8. ① the moment
② the minute
③ the instant
在这些结构中,“the moment, the minute, the instant”看似名词词组,但实际上用作连词,引导时间状语从句。
⒃ I recognized him the moment I saw him
我一看到他,就认出他来了。
⒄ She recognized the actor the minute she saw him.
她一看到那个演员就认出他来了。
⒅ The instant I saw him I knew he was angry.
我一见到他就知道他生气了。
追问我记得是不是还有一个on+doing的呢
追答是的