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Question

美国现代社会福利保障制度已经走过了70个年头，它植根于美国现代经济机制，已经成为影响美国现代化进程不可或缺的重要因素。一方面，它起着美国社会生产力发展的保护器作用、稳定美国社会需要的安全阀作用和美国各阶层及利益集团调整关系的调节器作用。另一方面这一制度在运行中积累的弊端也日益显露．
为缓解老龄化带来的冲击，政府已经通过的法律逐步适当延长法定退休年龄，2002年66岁为法定退休年龄，2008年时67岁为法定退休年龄。然而这并不能改变社会保障开支危机的基本态势。根据测算，第二次世界大战结束到20世纪60年代，美国“婴儿潮”时期出生的近8000万人，是美国收入最高、也是对社会保障开支贡献最大的人群。随着这些“婴儿潮”人群人群即将加入陆续“白发潮”大军，开始大量退休，势必大幅度减少社会保险基金，同时大幅度增加福利支出。

Answer 1

Modern American Social Security system has gone through 70 years, it is rooted in modern American economic mechanisms, the United States has become the indispensable process of modernization of the important factors. On the one hand, it plays an American society for the protection of the development of productive forces, the United States needs of the community stability safety valve and the United States role in all walks of life and interest groups adjustment between the regulator role. On the other hand in the operation of this system in the accumulation of defects are increasingly exposed.
To ease the impact of ageing, the Government has adopted the legal gradually be extended statutory retirement age, 66-year-old in 2002 for the statutory retirement age, in 2008 when 67-year-old statutory retirement age. However, this does not change social security spending the basic state of crisis. According to estimates, 20 to the end of the Second World War in the 1960s, the United States "baby boomers" born during the nearly 80 million people, the United States is the highest incomes, as well as for social security payments, the largest contribution to the crowd. With these "baby boom" population will soon join the crowd gradually "white hair tide," army began a large number retired, it is bound to substantially reduce the social insurance fund, and a substantial increase in welfare spending