ask sb to do sth 和 ask sb for doing sth 的区别在于:前者是请求或命令某人做某事,后者是请求某人提供某种行动或服务。它们在释义、用法、使用环境、影响范围和形象上存在一些区别,具体内容如下所示。
1. 释义区别:
"ask sb to do sth"是请求或命令某人做某事。
"ask sb for doing sth"是请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
I asked my sister to help me with the chores.(我叫我妹妹帮我做家务。)
I asked my friend for help with moving the furniture.(我向朋友请求帮助搬家具。)
2. 用法区别:
"ask sb to do sth"后面跟动词不定式,表示请求或命令某人做某事。
"ask sb for doing sth"后面跟名词或动名词,表示请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
He asked me to drive him to the airport.(他要求我把他送到机场。)
She asked her boss for permission to take a day off.(她向老板请假一天。)
3. 使用环境区别:
"ask sb to do sth"更常用于日常口语和正式场合中。
"ask sb for doing sth"相对较少使用,在特定情况下更常见。
例句:
The teacher asked the students to be quiet in the library.(老师要求学生在图书馆保持安静。)
She asked her colleague for doing the presentation in her place.(她请同事代替她做演讲。)
4. 影响范围区别:
"ask sb to do sth"强调请求或命令某人执行特定的动作或任务。
"ask sb for doing sth"强调请求某人提供某种行动或服务。
例句:
The manager asked the team to complete the project by Monday.(经理要求团队在周一之前完成项目。)
He asked his neighbor for help watering the plants while he was on vacation.(他请邻居帮忙给植物浇水,因为他去度假了。)
5. 形象区别:
"ask sb to do sth"更直接,表达出请求或命令的目的。
"ask sb for doing sth"更间接,表达出请求或表示需要某人的行动。
例句:
The teacher asked the students to clean the classroom.(老师要求学生打扫教室。)
He asked his friend for a favor in finding a job.(他请求朋友帮忙找工作。)