that.whu.when.等连词的用法

如题所述

连词的种类很多,主要有以下几类: 一、并列连词 1、表示对等关系的并列连词。使用该类并列连词时必须保持结构对等,词性统一,在句子中要使用对等成分,不可失之偏颇。常用的该类连词有:and,either...or,neither...nor,as well as,both...and,not only...but also。如: This is an old clock that is not only very handsome but also accurate. 2、表示选择关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:or,or else,otherwise,rather than,either...or。如: You should get the license right away,or you'll have to pay a fine. 3、表示转折和对比关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:but,while,whereas,yet,however,nevertheless,on the other hand,on the contrary。如: She is a funny girl,yet you can't help liking her. 4、表示因果关系的并列连词。常用的该类连词有:so,for,therefore,hence,thus,consequently,accordingly。如: It was raining heavily,so the sports meeting was postponed. 二、从属连词 1、引导时间状语的从属连词。该类连词除一些常用的外,还包括:as soon as,the moment(一……就……),the minute,the instant,once, immediately(一……就……),no sooner...than (一……就……),hardly...when(刚……就……)。 如: He told me the news immediately he got it. 2、引导地点状语的从属连词。该类连词有两个:where和wherever。如: Where there is a life,there is a hope. 3、引导条件状语的从属连词。该类连词除 if,unless和if only(要是……就好了),还有: provided(that),providing(that),supposing(that), suppose,in case(that),as long as(只要),on condition that。如: If only I had more money,I could buy some new clothes. 4、引导目的状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:so that,that,in order that,lest,for fear that, in case(that)。例如: She worried for fear that the child would be hurt. 5、引导原因状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,because,since,in that, now that(既然),seeing that(鉴于)。例如: Seeing that it is eight o'clock,we'll wait no longer. 6、引导比较状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,as...as,less(more)... than,the more...the more。例如: The more we can do for you,the happier we will be. 7、引导方式状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:as,as if(好像),as though(好像)。例如: Heat can flow from a hot body to a cooler body as if it were a fluid. 8、引导结果状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:so...that,such...that,so(that)。例如: He is such an honest man that everyone would like to trust him. 9、引导让步状语的从属连词。该类连词主要有:though,although,even if,even though, while,as,whatever,however,whoever,no matter...(不管)。例如: Hard as he tried,he failed to pass the exam. 三、连接代词和连接副词 这类词用来引导名词性从句。连接代词有:that(不充当成分),which,what,who,whose等;连接副词有:when,where,how,why等。 四、关系代词和关系副词 这类词用来引导定语从句。关系代词包括:who,that,which,as,whose,whom等。关系副词包括:when,where,why,how等。关系代词和关系副词起着三重作用:其一,它们连接着主句和从句;其二,它们代表着主句的一个先行词(which和as还可以代表主句中的一个词组或整个句子);其三,它们又在从句中充当成分。参考资料: http://www.ecp.com.cn/coaching/slj/knowledge/200604/1978.htm
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第1个回答  2013-11-17
连词是一种在句子与句子之间,短语之间以及名词等其他词语之间起连接作用的虚词,它不能单独作句子的成份。按其意义可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。�

并列连词连接的双方是对等的。

常有的并列连词有and, both…and, either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also, as well as等。但如果连接的两部分意义不趋向一致,意义有转折的并列连词有:but, however, while (而),only (只不过)。还有表示选择关系的并列连词,如:or, or else, otherwise… 再有的是连接双方,互为因果,或表示前因后果的连词有:for, so, therefore (因此),then等。

从属连词在初中范围内常常用来连接名词性从句,如:that, if, whether, 其次用来连接状语从句。其中有原因状语从句,常用的连接词有:when while, as, since, before, after, once, as soon as, until, till 连接条件状语的连词有:if, unless, as long as 等,而原因状语的连接词有because, since, as, now that (既然)。目的、结果、方式、比较、地点等状语从句的连接词有:so that, so…that, such…that, as…as, than, where… 它们在句子与文章中几乎无处不见。�

具体用法见下表。�

连词用法一览表

种类
功用
例句

并列连词
连接具有并列关系的

He knows neither English nor French.

短语
Are you going by bus or on foot?

分句
Mary was a good girl, but she had one shortcoming.

从属连词
引导:
状语从句
I'll do it as you told me.
You will be late unless you hurry.

连接代词和连接副词
主语从句
What he said proved true.
When we'll start has not been decided yet.

表语从句
This is why he didn't come yesterday.
That is where he lives.

宾语从句
The man asked me which I liked best.�
I can't understand why she is so late.

关系代词和关系副词
定语从句
Nicotine is a drug that gets one into the habit of smoking.�
He came last night when I was out.
第2个回答  2013-11-17
that:1.引导作用,不做句子中的任何成分,可以引导表语从句,主语从句,同位语从句,定语从句。2.代词,可以指代人或物 who:1.疑问代词2.引导特殊疑问句3.引导定语从句 where:1.引导地点壮语从句2.疑问代词 连词的用法很多,你可以去买一本语法书,上面很详细的