for. of. with. to. 应该怎么用

Question

如题所述

Answer 1

一、for
1、为（表示目的，可有不同译法）
How many meters do I need for an overcoat?做件大衣需要多少米？
After breakfast, I will go for a strollround the town.吃完早饭我要在城里到处遛遛。
He planned to write some stories forchildren.他计划为儿童写些故事。
This is for reducing your temperature.这药是退烧的。
They were working hard for the common goodand not for their own interests.他们这样苦干不是为私。
2、想找到或得到（在不同搭配下有不同译法）
Someone is asking for you on the phone.有人找你接电话。
So the designer again turned to workers foradvice.因此设计人员再次向工人们请教。
We'd better write to them for moreinformation about it.我们最好给他们写信请他提供更多有关这方面的情况。
They began to press him for details.他们开始向他追问详细情况。
We have to send in the plan for approval.这计划我们得送上去批。
3、表示原因（在不同情况下有不同译法）：
Thank you for your warm hospitality (gift).谢谢你们的热情款待（礼物）。
Forgive me for being late (nottelephoning).请原谅我来晚了（没有打电话）。
I’m much obliged to you for being tellingme.你给我谈了这个情况我很感谢你。
I’m so sorry for what has happened.发生了这件事我非常抱歉。
They all jumped for joy at the news.听到这消息他们都高兴的跳了起来。
The accident happened because I couldn’tsee for the frog.出了这次车货是由于有雾使我看不清楚。
4、对。。。。。。
We were filled with admiration for hiscourage.我们对他的勇敢充满敬佩之情。
He expressed sympathy for the commonpeople.他们平民百姓表现了同情。
Take it. It’s good for you.吃掉吧，对你有好处的。
These exercises are good for training ourminds.这种练习对训练我们的脑子有好处。
5、给。。。的，供。。。用的（在不同情况下有不同译法）
There is a telegram for you.这儿有你的一份电报。
Handing me the letter, he said, “It’s foryou.”他递给我一封信，说道：“这是给你的。”
Have you room for us there? 你那儿有我们坐的地方吗？
That can be a basis for a decision.这可以作为决议的基础。
It is a general hospital for that district.它是那个区的综合医院。
6、表示一段时间或距离
Is it all right if I use it for a minute?我用一会儿行吗？
He was, for a short time, a taxi driver.有一段时间他是一名出租车司机。
For miles and miles you see nothing buttrees.多少英里你看到的只是树林。
I followed him for some distance.我跟了他一段路。
7、去到或开往（某地）
They left for home on Friday.他们星期五离开伦敦回国了。
The ship was for New York.这艘船开放纽约。
Here is the train for Guangzhou.这是开往广州的火车。
We’re off for Paris tomorrow.明天我们去巴黎。
8、赞成（引起短语作表语）
Are you for the motion, or against it?这项动议你赞成还是反对？
How many of you are for the idea?你们有多少人赞成这个意见？
The decision was for a strike.决议造成罢工。
We are all for cutting down the cost ofproduction.我们都赞成降低生产成本。
9、作为：
I’ll keep it for a souvenir.我要把它留作纪念。
Most of the houses are now used foroffices.这些房子现在多数都用作办公室了。
What shall we have for lunch?我们中饭吃什么？
It is only meant for a joke.这只是当笑话说罢了。
10、表示价格、工资等
He sold the camera for ten pounds.这个照相机他卖了十英磅。
They worked on the plantations for 15dollars per week.他们在种植园干活，每星期才挣十五美元。
Is it right to return good for evil?以德抱怨对吗？
How much did you pay for it?你买这花了多少钱？
11、引起短语表示不定式逻辑上的主语：
The best thing is for you to do ityourself.最好是你自己去办这件事。
I’ve got some picture books for you to lookat.我有一些连环画给你看。
He stood aside for me to pass.他站到旁边让我过去。
12、用于某些成语
For the time being暂时
For the present现在，这会儿
For days (years) 多少天（年）
For good长期地
For ever永远地
For the sake of为了
For one’s good 为（某人）好
For sale出售
For example例如
Stand for代表，主张
Long for渴望
Wait for等待
Go in for从事（某种）活动
Account for解释（原因）
For instance例如
Hope for希望得到
Care for照顾，关心
Look for寻找
Watch out for警惕
Prepare for准备
二 、of
1、的（表示所属关系）
The children of the poor couldn’t go toschool in those days.那里穷人的孩子上不了学。
Have you got the Complete Works of Lu Hsun.你有《鲁迅全集》吗？
Life has confirmed these conclusions ofLenin’s. 实际生活证实了列宁的这些论断。
2、表示特征（用表语或定语，有种种不同译法）
China is a big family of manynationalities. 中国是一个多民族的大家庭。
We’re of the same opinion. 我们意见是一致的。
Your help is of great value to us.你的帮助对我们很有价值。
Birds of feather flock together. 物以类聚。
3、和一表示数量的词连用
So the four of us went on working. 因此我们四个人就继续干下去。
I’m going to get a packet of cigarettes. 我去买一包纸烟。
Please bring us two portions of ice-cream(sponge cake). 请给我们两份冰淇淋（蛋糕）。
4、和一动词连用表示“想到”，“谈到”等
I often think of our days together. 我常常想到我们在一起的日子。
They began to talk of their home town. 他们开始谈起他们的家乡。
What you say of him is perfectly true. 你谈的关于他的情况完全是事实。
I read of it quite by chance in a magazine.我是偶然在一份杂志上读到这件事的。
It’s kind of you to remind me of it.难得你提醒了我这件事。
5、和一形容词连用表示对某人或某事有某种情绪。
She’s very fond of sports.她很喜欢运动。
There is nothing to be afraid of. 没有什么可害怕的。
He was sick of the city. 他讨厌那城市。
You’ve done nothing to be ashamed of. 你没做什么值得惭愧的事。
We’re proud of our motherland. 我们为祖国感到骄傲。
6、和一名词（或动名词）连用，表示一种动宾关系。
This is a betrayal of the Soviet people.这是对苏联人民的背叛。
（比较：They betrayed the Soviet people）
It’s just waste of money.这完全是浪费钱。
They are engaged in study of how to carryout the task.他们正在研究如何执行这个任务。
The drafting of the resolution took us awhole day.草拟这项决议花了一整天的时间。
The Party pays great attention to the educationof children. 党对儿童教育非常重视。
I hope this will be productive of results.我希望这能产生结果。
（比较：This will produce results.）
7、从（接近from的意思，用于某些固定词组中）
Of idleness comes no goodness. 游手好闲没有好处。
Then they took leave of Aunt Liu.于是他们向刘大娘告别。
He was born of a peasant family.他出身农民家庭。
We must do what the Party asks of us.我们必须按党的要求办事。
8、用于某些成语
Of course 当然
Because of 因为，由于
Instead of 代替，不…而
Be short of 缺乏
Rob…of 抢走
Deprive…of 剥夺
Cure…of 医好
Be made of 用…造
Of one’s own will 自愿地
Of one’s own accord 自动地
What of it 又怎么样呢？
Make a success of 使…成功
三、to
1、向（某处），去（某地）
All roads lead to Rome.条条大道通罗马。（谚语）
Could you direct me to the zoo? 你能告诉我动物园怎样去吗？
Where are you off to?你到哪儿去？
In his talk he told us of his visit toAfrica.在他的报告中他给我们谈他的非洲之行。
Did you go to the ballet (exhibition)? 你去看芭蕾舞剧（参观展览会）了吗？
2、到（某时间或数量）
We’ll change the date to Feb. 28.我们要把日期改到二月二十八号。
He didn’t stay to the end of the meeting.他没等会开完就走了。
It’s ten to four by my watch.我的表是四点差十分。
Don’t leave things to the last moment.不要把事情都推到最后一刻才做。
The committee will have five to sevenmembers.委员会将由五到七人组成。
They have already raised the price to 3yuan per jin.他们已经把价格提到3块一斤。
3、向，为
I’ll speak to him about it.我去和他谈谈这件事。
I must apologize to you. 我得向你道歉。
The exhibition will be opened to the publictomorrow.展览会明天向公众开放。
Let’s drink to the friendship between ourtwo peoples.让我们为我们两国人民的友谊干杯。
Happy New Year! ----The same to you!新年好！――新年好！
4、对
He is always polite to people.他一向对人彬彬有礼。
You’re awfully nice to us.你对我们太好了。
We’re most grateful to you for giving us somuch help.你给我们这么多帮助，我们对你十分感谢。
A walk for ten miles was nothing to him. 对他说来走十英里路不算一回事。
It doesn’t matter to me whether he’ll come.他来不来无所谓。
5、用于某些成语
She did the work to the best of herability.她尽量把这工作干好。
To the east of the house was a low hill.在房子东边有一座矮山。
We always fit our deeds to our words.我们一贯言行一致。
Pay attention to the well-being of themasses.关心群众生活。
To our great surprise (joy) everything inthe room was in good order.使我们大为吃惊（高兴）的是房里一切井井有条。
When we were in difficulty they always cameto our assistance.我们有困难时他们总是来帮忙。
Hainan lies (is) to the south of Guangdong.海南岛在广东南面。
To my mind the arrangement is ideal.照我看这个安排很理想。
The criticism is to some extent justified.这个批评有一定的道理。
He didn’t speak quite to the point.他没有完全讲到点子上。
The final score was 3:5 (three to five) inour favor.最后的比分是三比我，我们领先。
四、With
1、和，同，与
Who was that with you?（刚才）和你在一起的是谁？
This has further strengthened our ties withthem.这进一步加强了我们和他们的联系。
I won’t argue with you.我不和你争辩。
How are you getting on with him?你和他相处怎样？
We must co-operate closely with them.我们必须同他紧密合作。
2、对
You must be strict with us.你对我们要求严格。
She is very patient with the children.她对孩子们非常耐心。
They are satisfied with your work.他们对你们的工作很满意。
I was very angry with myself.我很生我自己的气。
3、用，以，被（可有较活译法）
All these years he fought with his pen.这些年他都以笔进行战斗。
He wanted to kill two birds with one stone.他想一举两得。
Knowledge begins with practice.认识始于实践。
The place was crowded with people.那地方挤满了人。
The ground was covered with snow.地上铺满了雪。
4、表示原因
At the news we all jumped with joy.听了这消息我们都高兴得跳了起来。
The poor woman was trembling with fear.这可怜的女人吓得发抖。
Their eyes shone with delight.他们的眼睛闪着喜悦的亮光。
His hands were rough with work.因为老干活，他的手很粗。
5、有，带有
These apartment houses are for workers withfamilies.这些住宅楼是给有家属的工人盖的。
China is a country with a population ofover a billion.中国是一个有十亿多人口的国家。
There was a bed and a wardrobe with amirror.有一张床和一个带镜子的衣橱。
Who is that young man with glasses?这位戴眼睛的青年人是谁？
6、引起短语作状语，说明方式（在不同搭配下有不同译法）
He went home with a heavy heart.他心情沉重地回到家里。
These words should be used with caution.用这些词要谨慎。
We found the place with great difficulty.我们好不容易才找到这个地方。
Everybody is working with great enthusiasm.大家都在热情的工作。
She faced the situation with calmness.她镇静地面对这一形势。
7、和一复合结构构成短语，用作状语，说明方式等。
They walked to the fields with hoes ontheir shoulders.他扛着锄头往地时走。
He was sitting in a chair with his handsfolded.他手交叉在胸前坐在椅子上。
The day was bright, with a fresh breezeblowing.天气晴朗，吹来阵阵清风。
He was working there with only a shirt on.他光被窝穿着一件衬衣在那里干活。
With the matter settled, we went home.这事一解决我们就到家了。
With so many people working, what is thefamily income?全家有这么多人干活收有多少呢？
They are highly mechanized farms, withmachinery to do all the work.它们是高机械化农场，所有工作都由机器进行。
8、就……来说（with的宾语常可译成主语）
Everything was going well with us.我们一切都进行得很好。
That’s always the way with you.你总是这个样子。
It’s the same with us students.我们学生这样。
How are things with you?你情况怎么样？
What’s the matter with you?你出了什么事？
9、随着（有时可有较活的译法）
Temperatures vary with the time of theyear.随着时令不同，气温也有变化。
With the battle of Waterloo, Napoleon’srule in Europe was ended.滑铁卢一战，拿破仑对欧洲的统治就结束了。
The feeling had but deepened with thepassing of the years.随着岁月的流逝这种感觉更进一步加深了。
Oh, that comes with practice.啊，这是练出来的。
10）尽管，由于，以
With all his shortcomings, he was aconscientious worker.尽管他有缺点，工作却是勤勤恳恳的。
With their support we can surely fulfillthe task.有他们帮助我们一定能完成任务。
With your ability, you ought to have donebetter.以你的能力，是应当干得更好一些的。
11、引起短语表语
Diana is with the children.戴安娜和孩子们在一起。
I will be with you again in half an hour.过半个钟头我又来跟你们在一起了。
I’m with you there.在这一点上我和你的意见是一致的。
His sympathies were with the workers.他是同情工人的。
12、用于某些成语
Down with…打倒
Continue with 继续干
Out with 说出来
Do away with废除
Meet with碰到
Help…with帮助做（某事）
Catch up with…赶上
Go on with 继续下去
Have to do with与…有关
Interfere with干涉
Keep up with跟上
Present…with赠送
Supply…with 供应
In keeping with符合
Along with 随同
With regard to关于
Get in touch with取得联系
Side by side with和…并肩
Together with和…一起
Be with a child怀孩子了

Answer 2

to的用法
一：表示相对,针对
be strange to
二：表示对比,比较
1：以-ior结尾的形容词,后接介词to表示比较
senior,junior
2:一些本身就含有比较或比拟意思的形容词
A is similar to B in many ways.
3：表示一些先后顺序的形容词
they returned to their hometown
4:to也偶尔出现在个别动词之后,与动词形成固定词组,表示比较
compare to sth.
5:to与及个别的名词构成比较之意,
Going to an under water concert is a great alternative to going to dinner.
三:表示修饰关系
1:表示回复,反应意思的词
answer to question
2:表示建筑构件的词汇
the approach to science
3:表示人物职位和官衔的词
assistant to manager
4:表示权利和许可的词汇
Everyone has an equal right to
5:表示栅栏或障碍的词汇
the barrier to progress
6:表示与书籍,文本相关的词
introduction to passage
7:表示恭喜或是祝贺
Let’s drink to Dick’s success in business
8:另外还有一些名词符合这种用法,有的具有两者息息相关,缺一不可的含义
guide to action
四:to还具有依据,伴随,和着节奏的含义
sing to piano
（一）：表示相关联,相连接
be related to
（二）：表示反对和赞同
1：to引导的表示反对,抗拒,对抗意义的词组
Be opposed to
2:to引导的表示同意,赞同意义的词组
The employer consented to give him a salary raise
3:表示投降,屈服,服从的含义
confess to
五:表示趋势或倾向,
tend to
六:表示对事情的坚持与执着
He still holds on to his original views
七:表示约束,局限
limit to
八:表示一种习惯或是一种适应性
get (be) to
九:表示起因和原由
due to
十:表示目的或结果
lead to 介词
for基本可以归纳为以下几点:
1.The period between 1905 and 1915 was important one for Einstein.
for"对……来说"(利益)
All for one,and one for all.人人为我,我为人人.
Smoking is not good for the health.吸烟有害健康.
2.Einstein received worldwide praise for his scientific research.
for"由于"(理由,原因)
She was angry with him for being late.她生气是因为他迟到.
3.In 1933,Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA.
for"向,往……"(方向,目的地)
This ship is for San Francisco.这艘船是开往旧金山的.
4....but asked for very little money.
for"目的,追求"(以……为目的,为了得到……)
What is this for?这是做什么用的?
She does aerobics for her figure.为了保持身材,她做有氧运动.
5.He once refused to speak on the radio for $1,000 a minute.
for"交换,抵偿报酬"(以……的金额,与……交换……)
She took the blouse back to the store and changed it for another.她把这件短上衣拿回店里换另一件.
I bought this set of coffee cups for $20.我花了20美元购买这套咖啡杯.
6.Another time,someone saw him using a cheque for $1,500 as a bookmark.
for"面值……"
She handed me a bill for $100.她给了我一张100美元的帐单.
介词of用法
1:表示剥夺,除去
clarify the river of flowing rubbish
2:of接直接宾语
remind sb.of his duties
3:of接间接宾语
ask a question of sb
4:of表示人物的特性,籍贯,特性或出生等
He is of Irish descend
5:固定词组
The room smells of stale cabbage
with在下列结构中起副词作用：
1.“with+宾语+现在分词或短语”,如：
(1) This article deals with common social ills,with particular attention being paid to vandalism.
2.“with+宾语+过去分词或短语”,如：
(2) With different techniques used,different results can be obtained.
(3) The TV mechanic entered the factory with tools carried in both hands.
3.“with+宾语+形容词或短语”,如：
(4) With so much water vapour present in the room,some iron-made utensils have become rusty easily.
(5) Every night,Helen sleeps with all the windows open.
4.“with+宾语＋介词短语”,如：
(6) With the school badge on his shirt,he looks all the more serious.
(7) With the security guard near the gate no bad character could do any thing illegal.
5.“with+宾语＋副词虚词”,如：
(8) You cannot leave the machine there with electric power on.
(9) How can you lock the door with your guests in?