我的理解:
第一个句子,There being nothing more for dicussion,the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.
它等于,Because there was nothing more for dicussion,the meeting came to an end half an hour earlier.
第二个句子,Agriculture is the country's chief source of wealth,wheat being by far the biggest cereal crop.
它等于,Agriculture is the country's chief source of wealth, and wheat is by far the biggest cereal crop.
之所以要用独立主格结构,是因为这两句话存在着比较密切的联系,或是因果关系,或是一种伴随状态,或是起一种状语作用等等。这时,二者构成的是一个句子。
在上面例子中,being在独立主格结构中是谓语,这个there being 和there be句型用法完全相同。不同之处是,由于独立主格结构不是一个完全句子,它的动词要相应变成非谓语动词形式,比如动词原形变成分词、不定式。如果存在时态,只改变助动词的形式。另外,还可以有名词(代词)+形容词、+副词+介词结构的形式的独立主格结构,详细情况如下:
一): 独立主格结构的构成:
名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词;
the test finished, we began our holiday.
= when the test was finished, we began our holiday.
考试结束了,我们开始放假。
名词(代词)+形容词;
名词(代词)+副词;
名词(代词)+不定式;
if the building project to be completed by the end of this month is delayed,the construction company will be fined.
名词(代词) +介词短语构成。
a robber burst into the room, knife in hand.
= a robber burst into the room。and a knife was in his hand.
一个贼闯进房间,手里拿着一把刀。
(二) 独立主格结构的特点:
1)独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同,它独立存在。
2)名词或代词与后面的分词,形容词,副词,不定 式,介词等是主谓关系。
3)独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。
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